Vapor electric apparatus.



B. SGHAEFER.

VAPOR ELECTRIC APPARATUS. APPLIUATION FILED FEB. 25, 1913.

Patented May 19, 1914.

witneoaaa 7 4 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IBELA :$C HA.EFER, OF FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM F HARTMANN & BRAUN A.-G., OF FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY.

VAPOR ELECTRIC APPARATUS.

1 09'} ,473, Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 19 1914.

' Application filed February 1913. Serial No. 750,663.

To all whom it may concern: the cathode, the leading-in conductors ill Be it known that I, BnLA SCHAEFER, a be too long so that they are heated to such citizen of the German Empire, and residing an extent as to prevent their own heat to be at Frankfort on the Main, Province of conducted in a sufficient manner. It is ob- 5 Hesse-Nassau, in the Kingdom of Prussia, vious from Fig. 2 also that the insulation Germany, have invented certain new and of such long conductors is connected ith useful Improvements in Vapor Electric Apdi 'liculties. paratus, oiwhich the following is a speci- The present invention has for its object to flea/non." do away with such inconveniences by suit- W- This invention relates to vapor electric able arrangements which meet all the reapparatus and has for its object to provide quirements above referred to. means for condensing the metal vapors ris- The invention will be readily understood i f th th d by reference to the following description In vapor electric apparatus, and more partaken in connection with the accompanying 15 ti l -l i mercury Vapor tifi t drawing which, by way of example, illus- 7o facts are of special importance; the artrates various embodiments my invention rangement of the electrodes with relation to may assume in practice, h ()thgr d th ondenging h b A Flgures l and 2 illustrate the "extremes of a tt f f t th anodes are th l the cases above referred to. Fig. 3, 4- and 5 20 posed to arcing the more they are With Show Sectional ws of my invention. drawn from the deleterious influence of the Referring more particularly to Fig. 3, g cathode blast. 0n the other hand o h is a vacuum vessel consisting essentially of early recognized th usefulness f two chambers f and 71 The upper chamber densing chamber for the purpose of mainf Serves as condensing chamber, while the 35 taining the vapor pressure in as low a state lower one it is h 1 h b r. Both as possible, Such facts however, were parts are COllllBCtBd by 111821118 Of the ringhitherto considered only in the construction haped member (Z which, as it appears from of rectifiers for small output having glass the rawing, Serves at the same time for bulbs, while rectifiers for large output are supporting the electrodes. By inserting 3Q a uing of such ntyivanecg and hence arg intermediate member at it suitable CllS- insuflicient as regards capacity. In mertance from the cathode K: it is attained that, any apor rectifierg of this type the vacuum HOilWltllStElIldlIlg the 3110(165 being arranged v l i f r bly f li d i l f close to the cathode, the whole vacuum vesallowing the introduction of a plurality of SE1 may e extended invertical direction as 35 anodes through the upper cover and als far as required. Even in the case of a great permitting their arrangement in the for number of anodes, a being used the common of a, ring JE'IO'VVQVQI', there is a, SllppOl't (Z lllfly be made 0f it single 'tUIfiQLl still to be obviated which will be more per- P1808 Which may be easily handled. ceptible as a higher output is required. In Through the anode support being formed to cylindrical vacuum vessels of this type, the as n independent massive ring the designenlargement of their capacity for the purmg as well as the manufacture of the indi pose of obtaining a condensation chamber of v d m p t is h ghly s mp fi The O sufiicientdimensions, can only be attained lln s Of this ring need not be traced out in either by increasing the diameter of the ves revolution, it being only required that, in

sel or by the elongation of the axis of the choosing suitable diameters for the same, vessel. Neither of these arrangements an; the total weight of the vessel, the main parts pear to give satisfactory results since wide of which may consist of thin sheet iron, be cylinders of relatively short axial extensionnot essentially increased. Besides the small require unnecessarily heavy end-plates the' distance of the electrodes from one another 50 tightening of which is connected with great the main advantage of this arrangement is 1 0 difficulties (see Fig. 1); on the other hand that'the anodes are 'igposed to the cooling long cylinders having a small diameter have cited; of the support 0?; i

the disadvantage of the distance from the Preferably the ringd is rigidly connectanodes to the cathode being too long or, if ed with a condensing chamber 7, f. e. by 55 the anodes are arranged in the proximity of Welding, but detachable from the vapor chamber h at a, so that the latter chamber ode is if separate maintenance is required at all.- By means of a directing screen Z the'individ-ual anode-streams are collected imme;

diately above the cathodef Fig. 4 illustrates by way of example an-' other form which my invention may assume in practice and wherein the space left on the inner side of the support is relatively small so that the condensing chamber f above the orifice must be widened. The water-jacket casings 7a, 70 with tubular connections a, 1, r, are provided to insure an e'tlicient water-cooling of the whole surface of the rectifier.

In the foregoing figures vacuum-vessels are shown having exclusively the anodes introduced in vertical direction. The invention may, horwever, equally Well be employed in connection wlth rectifiers having the electrodes led-in horizontally or in a plane inclined to the horizontal. Fig. 5 shows such an arrangement which is-es'peci ally adapted for use in connection with currents of high intensity and low voltage.

A special advantage of my invention is that the individual parts of the vacuum vessel, especially the Walls, may be made of glass, thus offering the possibility of a per fect insulation of the cathode.

Now, what I claim is 1. In metal vapor apparatus, the combination of a vapor chamber, a condensing chamber, a ring shaped member, connecting the vapor chamber and the condensing chamber, electrodes supported in said ring member and arranged in a circle.

7 2. In metal vapor apparatus, the combination, of a-vapor chamber, a condensing chamber, a ring shaped member, connecting the vapor chamber, with the condensing chamber electrodes led in the vacuum vessel through the ring shaped member and ar ranged in a circle,

3.111 metal vapor apparatus, the combination, of a vapor chamber, a condensing chamber, a ring shaped member rigidly congnected with the condensing chamber and adapted to be'detachably connected with the vapor chamber, and electrodes supported by and led in through the ring shaped member.

4. In metal vapor apparatus the combination, of a vapor. chamber, a condensing communicates with the'upper condens ng chamber, said orifice being widened at its upper part soas to receive the lower extremity of the, condensing chamber, the said cover also being detachably connected with the vapor chamber, and electrodes arranged in a circle and led in through the said cover.

5. In metalvaporzapparatus, the combination, of a vapor chamber, a condensing chamber, an inclined ring shaped member, serving to connect the vapor chamber with the condensing chamber and electrodes arranged in a circle and passing through the ring-shaped member.

6. In metal vapor apparatus, the combination, of a vapor chamber, a condensing chamber, a ring shaped member'adapted to connect said chambers, anodes arranged in a circle and passing through the ring, and cooling cylinders surrounding both the vva por chamber and the condensing chamber and communicating with each other by means of tubular connections.

7 In metal vapor apparatus, the combination, of a vapor chamber, a condensing chamber, a ring shaped member connecting the vapor chamber and the condensing chamber, electrodes arranged in a circle and passing through the said ring member, and a screen for causing the anode streams to be directed immediately to the cathode.

8. A device of the character described including a vapor chamber, a condensing chamber detachably connected with the said vapor chamber, anodes arrangedto project into said vapor chamber, a cathode also aranged in said vapor chamber, and deflecting means for directing vapors generating by the anodes to the said cathode.

9. A device of the character described including a Vapor chamber, a condensing chamber, and sealed coupling means for detachably connecting said chambers, anodes arranged in said coupling means and adapted to project into the vapor chamber, a cathode located in said vapor chamber, and means for directing vapors generated by the anodes immediately to the said cathode.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

, BELA SCI-IAEFER. Witnesses:

'JE AN' GRUND, CARL GRUND. 

